Ray Vanderlaan is the founder of Follow the Rabbi and has been very helpful to me in discovering the Jewish world in which Jesus lived. He has two great devotionals (here and here) on the Shema, the prayer from Deuteronomy 6:4-5 that Jews would—and still do—recite daily:
Hear, O Israel: Yahweh our God, Yahweh is one. Love Yahweh your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength.
Theological Journeying 